Theodoros Stamos – Important First Generation Abstract Expressionist Painter
Theodoros Stamos – Greek American Abstract expresionist artist – (1922-1997)
Greek-American Theodoros Stamos, the youngest member of the original group of abstract expressionist painters, the “Irascibles”, which included Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning and Mark Rothko, is recognised as one of the few abstract painters who connected the New York School’s first and second generations.
He was born on December 31 1922 in New York, the fourth of six children, to Greek immigrant parents.
His mother, Stamata, who was from Sparta and his father, Theodoros, from the island of Lefkada, lived on East 18th Street.
His father, who had been a fisherman back in Greece, ran a small hat-cleaning and shoe-shining shop in St. Mark’s Place in Lower Manhattan.
Theodoros Stamos died on February 2, 1997, in Ioannina, Greece, at the age of 74.
What is Abstract Expressionism?
Abstract Expressionism first appeared in America after World War II.
One of the most important influences on this modern art movement was the arrival in America, in the late 1930s and early ’40s, of Surrealists and other European avant-garde artists, who were fleeing Nazi-dominated Europe.
This marked the move of the creative centre of modern painting from Paris to New York City in the postwar years.
Major artists in New York, the centre of this movement, included, amongst others, painters such as Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline, Mark Rothko, Norman Lewis, Willem de Kooning and Theodoros Stamos.
The emphasis was on free, spontaneous and personal emotional expression, in short, the artists exercised “freedom of technique”, evoking expressive qualities such as sensuousness, dynamism, violence and mystery.
When studying the Abstract Expressionist movement, three general approaches can be recognized:
One: Action painting – Wild, Free and Expressive
Jackson Pollock painting in his home studio at Hampton Springs, New York in the 1950s, via Sotheby’s.
Great sweeping brushstrokes, plus dollops of paint intentionally dripped, or spilt directly onto the canvas.
Jackson Pollock (1912 – 1956), first practiced Action painting by dripping paints on canvas to build up complicated and tangled skeins of paint into suggestive linear patterns.
Franz Kline, American painter (1910 – 1962), used powerful, sweeping black strokes on a white canvas to create stark forms.
Franz Kline, American abstract painter (1910 – 1962)
Two: The Use of Several Different Styles
Philip Guston (1913–1980) Painting, Smoking, Eating, 1973 – The Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam. © The Estate of Philip Guston, courtesy Hauser & Wirth..
The different styles of abstract expresionism range from the delicate, fluid shapes, seen in paintings by Philip Guston (1913–1980) to the more structured and forceful pictures of Robert Motherwell (1915-1991).
Elegy to the Spanish Republic, 108 – 1965-67 – by Robert Motherwell (1915-1991) MoMA
Three: Fields of Flat Colour
Painters Rothko, Newman and Reinhardt used large areas, or fields, of flat colour and thin, diaphanous paint to achieve quiet, subtle, almost meditative effects.
The most outstanding of the colour-field painters was Mark Rothko, a Latvian-born American abstract painter (1903 – 1970), best known for his color field paintings which consist of large-scale combinations of soft-edged, solidly coloured rectangular areas.
Black in Deep Red, 1957 by Mark Rothko.
Greek-American Theodoros Stamos:
Youngest Member of the Original Abstract Expressionist Painters
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) – Ancestral Myth, 1947.
It was whist recovering after a bad fall in 1930, which resulted in him having his spleen removed, that Theodoros Stamos, doodling on a blackboard, in order to pass the time, began to think about art.
In 1936, at the age of fourteen, whilst attending the Peter Stuyvesant High School in Manhattan, Theodoros won a scholarship to The American Artists School.
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) Greek-American Abstract Expresionist painter
Theodoros, in order to bolster his finances, worked as a model and operated an elevator which enabled him to takes sculpture classes at The American Artists School with Simon Kennedy and Joseph Konzal.
However, owing to his lack of money, Theodoros abandons sculpture and after meeting Joseph Solman, founder of “The Ten”, a group of New York City Expressionist painters, who becomes his mentor and urges him to concentrate on painting. Theodoros leaves school three months before graduation and with a number of odd jobs to support himself, takes the advice of Joseph Solman and starts painting.
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) Greek-American Abstract Expresionist painter
Mentors, Role Models and Inspiration
Theodoros Stamos. Artist 1946.
During this time, the late 1930s and early 1940s, Theodoros Stamos, through study, work and acquaintances, was to meet or become familiar with the people who were to influence his way of painting and of looking at art.
Joseph Solman urged him to visit art galleries, study what he saw, and in this way, Theodoros, became familiar with the art of Arthur Dove and Georgia O’Keeffe, to name just a couple.
Whilst working as a frame maker in New York in the early to mid 1940s, Stamos rubbed shoulders with members of the European avant-garde, such as Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, Arshile Gorky and Fernand Léger and when providing frames for the Karl Nierendorf Gallery, he became familiar with the works of Paul Klee, which were to be exhibited there.
Doing work for the Valentine Gallery, the center for modern art in New York between 1926 and 1947, run by F. Valentine Dudensing, Theodoros gets the chance to study one of his major influencers, Milton Avery, whom he finally meets through Joseph Solman.
oseph Solman, founder of “The Ten”, a group of New York City Expressionist painters – Mentor Of Theodoros Stamos
Visits to the New York Pierre Matisse Gallery bring Theodoros into contact with the Surrealist Joan Miro who becomes another major influence as does Andre Masson, whose works he admired at the Galerie Buchholz.
Around this time he also meets Arshile Gorky, Andre Breton and Max Ernst.
“Greekness”
Theodoros Stamos – The Three Furie – In Greek Mythology The Erinyes, – 1946.
Drawing on his Greek roots and using a technique influenced by the Surrealists, Theodoros Stamos tries his hand at bringing ancient Greek myths to life on canvas.
The First Cyclops – Theodoros Stamos – 1947.
Furthermore, many of his works have an under-water quality, brought about by images in his head of the Wine-dark Sea (Homer) of Greece.
Theodoros Stamops – Sea Images – 1947 – Smithsonian American Art Museum.
Theodoros Stamos – Greek Easter – 1947 – Betty Parsons Gallery, New York.
Theodoros Stamos’ First Solo Exhibition in New York
In 1943, at only twenty one years of age, Theodoros Stamos held his first solo exhibition at the Wakefield Gallery and Bookshop, owned by well- known art dealer and publicity agent for the abstract expressionists, Betty Parsons, with whom he would continue to deal with until 1957.
Betty Parsons – American artist, art dealer and collector known for her early promotion of Abstract Expressionism – regarded as one of the most influential and dynamic figures of the American avant-garde. ©Lynn Gilbert 1977
At the end of 1944, Theodoros, along with all the other members of the Wakefield, followed Betty when she moved to the Mortimer Brand Gallery.
Here Theodoros holds his second one man show at the age of twenty three and later, in 1946, he again moves with Betty, this time to her own gallery which bears her name; “The Betty Parsons Gallery”.
Attracting Attention
Theodoros Stamos – Greek American Abstract expresionist artist – (1922-1997)
By the mid-1940s, Theodoros Stamos is well and truly established as one of the up and coming “modernist” artists of the day.
His works are on show at the most important art galleries; the Whitney Museum where his paintings hang annually from 1945 to 1951, at the Carnegie Institute and the Art Institute of Chicago in 1947and at the Museum of Modern Art in 1948.
Untitled – Theodoros Stamos – 1947 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.
In fact, in 1947, the Museum of Modern Art of New York purchased one of Theodoros Stamos’ works titled “Sounds in the Rock”.
Theodoros Stamos – Sounds in the Rock, 1946.
He was also now attracting the attention of collectors; after his exhibition, “Movement of Plants”, at the Whitney Museum in 1945, collector Edward Root, bought all thirty two of Stamos’ works which can now be seen at The Munson-Williams- Proctor Institute in Utica, New York and at the Addison Gallery in Andover, Massachusetts.
Theodoros Stamos Movement of Plants, 1945.
Duncan Phillips, a well-known collector of French Impressionism, not only extolled the paintings Theodoros Stamos but began purchasing his works in 1949 and in 1950 and 1954 went as far as organizing two exhibitions for him at his own private gallery in Washington D.C.
The Smithsonian American Art Museum said of the works of Theodoros Stamos:
“Biomorphic forms, with a resemblance to the work of Mark Rothko and William Baziotes, inhabited his early canvases. Recently, Stamos has committed further to abstraction by activating his brushstroke and by modulating the tonalities of his paintings”
Two works, Saga of Alphabets, 1948 and Shibboleth, 1949 come from his early biomorphic period from 1945-49.
Saga of the Alphabets – Theodoros Stamos – 1948
Shiboleth – Theodoros Stamos – 1949
In October 1959 “Life” magazine, organized an event at MOMA (The Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan, New York City), to introduce to the public the “strange” and “peculiar” art of the modernists.
Here, fifteen art specialists were to evaluate and discuss the works of abstract expressionists and choose paintings to be exhibited at the famous museum.
The abstract expressionists artists whose works were shown at MoMA in 1959 to show what modern art looks like. Theodoros Stamos back row, left.
Six of the fifteen art experts chose works of Theodoros Stamos.
Theodoros Stamos – Greek American Abstract expresionist artist – (1922-1997)
The Irascible Eighteen:
Angry Abstract Expressionists
Photo for Life Magazine by Nina Leen – November 24, 1950.
From left, rear, they are: Willem de Kooning, Adolph Gottlieb, Ad Reinhardt, Hedda Sterne; (next row) Richard Pousette-Dart, William Baziotes, Jimmy Ernst (with bow tie), Jackson Pollock (in striped jacket), James Brooks, Clyfford Still (leaning on knee), Robert Motherwell, Bradley Walker Tomlin; (in foreground) Theodoros Stamos (on bench), Barnett Newman (on stool), Mark Rothko (with glasses).
The Irascibles, or the Irascible 18, were a group of American abstract artists who signed an open letter of protest the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in 1950.
The letter expressed the artist’s annoyance towards an announcement about a national competition to select works to be included in a monumental exhibition titled “American Painting Today.”
The point of the exhibition was to ascertain what form of modern painting the Met deemed worthy of showing.
The Met museum had just put an end to an agreement they had with the Whitney Museum of American Art, stating that the Whitney collected avant-garde American art and the Met collected “classical American art”.
The Met was hoping the exhibition would re-establish their authority on American Modern Art.
In the letter from the Irascibles, they protested about the jurors who had been picked to judge which works would be included in the show as many were openly biased against modern art; one had even called Abstract Expressionists “unhuman.”
The protest letter was written by Adolph Gottlieb, an American abstract expressionist painter and sculptor and co-signed by 18 other painters and 12 sculptors.
Adolph Gottlieb 1903 – 1974 – American painter and sculptor.
Open letter to Roland L. Redmond, Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art – May 20, 1950
The letter stated that the signees, many of whom today are considered the most influential artists of their generation, such as Willem de Kooning, Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman, Clyfford Still, Ad Reinhardt, Robert Motherwell, Hedda Sterne, Louise Bourgeois and Theodoros Stamos, would boycott the competition by not entering any of their works for judgment.
Ahead of the Met’s article announcing the winners of the “American Painting Today” competion, Life Magazine published a group photograph of the Irascibles along with the caption; “Irascible Group of Advanced Artists Led Fight against Show.”
Beneath the caption it said the Irascibles “have distrusted the museum since its director likened them to “flat-chested” pelicans “strutting upon the intellectual wastelands,” and compared their revolt to when “French painters in 1874 rebelled against their official juries and held the first impressionist exhibition”.
The Irascibles showed how it is possible for artists to undermine the art establishment and come out on top; they stood up for originality and declared experimentation as the way of the future.
Theodoros Stamos Has “Arrived”
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) famous modern Greek American artist.
The Museum of Modern Art included works of Theodoros Stamos in their legendary tour of the exhibition “The New American Painting”, which introduced abstract expressionism to Europe in 1958 and 1959.
By now Theodoros Stamos was one of the ”in crowd” and was to be found partying and keeping company with the likes of art collector Peggy Guggenheim, fellow artists John Graham, Mark Rothko, Mark Tobey, John Graham, Clyfford Still, Kenneth Callahan, Guy Anderson and many more celebrities of the day; Theodoros Stamos had “arrived”.
Theodoros Stamos – “What the Wind Does” – 1947-49.
From 1950 until 1954, Theodoros Stamos taught at Black Mountain College in North Carolina and from 1955 to 1975 he taught at the Art Students League of New York and the Cummington School of Fine Arts.
1948 – Theodoros Stamos Visits Greece for the First Time
In 1948, Theodoros Stamos traveled to Europe with his partner the American poet Robert Price (1918 – 1954), where, in the midst of the Greek civil war (1946 to 1949) he saw Greece, the country of his ancestors, for the first time.
Stamos’ own uncle had been killed by guerrillas in 1947, which inspired a series of paintings named “Good Friday”, in memory of his uncle.
Stamos Theodoros (1922 – 1997) Good Friday – 1954 – National Gallery Alexandros Soutsos – Athens – Greece.
Whilst in Greece at this time he met Greek artists including Yiannis Tsarouchis and Nikos Chatzikyriakos-Ghikas.
He would meet many more fellow Greek artists and spend much more time in Greece, in Lefkada, the island of his father, after 1970.
In Europe Theodoros spent time in France and Italy.
In France, with the help of fellow Greek Christian Zervos, the publisher of Cahiers d’Art, he met Pablo Picasso, Alberto Giacometti and Constantin Brâncuși.
In Italy he meets Renato Guttuso, a social realist painter and the Basaldella brothers Afro, Mirko and Dino, whose works greatly impress him.
Theodoros Stamos – Migration 1948
Theodoros Stamos – 1949
1950 – Tea House Series
Tea – House Theodoros Stamos – 1952 National Gallery Greece Alexander Soutsos Museum – Athens Greece.
In around 1950, inspired by East Asian aesthetics, Theodoros Stamos takes a new approach to abstract art using fewer colours and softer, more simplistic geometric forms overlaid with dark calligraphic brushwork.
These creations he named “The Tea House Series”.
In 1950 Theodoros Stamos has his first one-man show at the Duncan Phillips Collection in Washington, D.C.
He also begins teaching at the Hartley Settlement House in New York for the next four years, after being recommended by Tony Smith, American sculptor and and noted art theorist.
Theodoros Stamos – Greek American Abstract expresionist artist – (1922-1997)
In around 1952 he becomes acquainted with the director of the Museum of Modern Art in New York, Rene d’ Harnoncourt and also meets Aldous Huxley, English writer and philosopher and Lithuanian-born American art historian, Mayer Schapiro.
Stamos took part in “Artists’ Sessions at Studio 35,” a book published in April 1950, edited by Robert Motherwell and Ad Reinhardt, when about twenty four of the artists who came to be known as the Abstract Expressionists, met for a series of talks about their own work as well as about the modern art scene.
Nearly 60 years after this actual meetings took place, the book “Artists Sessions at Studio 35” (1950), is still a best-seller.
Book – Artists’ Sessions at Studio 35 (1950) by Robert Goodnough.
In 1955 Theodoros Stamos was elected a Fellow of the Metropolitan Museum of New York and awarded the National Institute of Arts and Letters Award (1956), the Brandeis University Creative Arts Award (1959) and the National Arts Foundation Award (1967).
He also started teaching at The Art Students’ League in New York.
1956 he receives the National Institute of Arts and Letters Award.
In 1956 Stamos illustrates the posthumous volume of poems; “The Hidden Airdrome and Uncollected Poems”, written by his partner, American poet, Robert Price ((1918 – 1954).
The Hidden Airdrome and Uncollected Poems by Robert Price.
After the death of his partner, Robert Price, in 1954, Stamos meets fellow American abstract painter, Ralph Humphrey (1932 – 1990), they eventually became partners.
1964 portrait of American abstract painter Ralph Humphrey (1932 – 1990)
In 1955 Theodoros Stamos also holds his last and most successful exhibition at Betty Parsons Gallery.
1957 – The High Snow-Low Sun series and the Fight with Betty Parson
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) Low Yellow Sunbox.
In 1957, Theodoros’s new series of paintings, the “High Snow-Low Sun series” is the cause of the bust up beween himself and Betty Parsons because he has sold the first picture of the series without paying her commission.
Their long partnership comes to an end and from 1958, Theodoros, deals with the André Emmerich gallery, a collaboration which will last until 1970.
1968 THEODOROS STAMOS EMMERICH GALLERY POSTER.
The Opening of Contemporary Art Acquisitions, 1957–1958 on December 12, 1958
The Buffalo AKG Art Museum, New York
Artists Michael Goldberg, Kurt Roesch, Tadashi Sato, Seymour H. Knox, Jr., Grace Hartigan, Theodoros Stamos and Ibram Lassaw at the Opening of Contemporary Art Acquisitions, 1957–1958 on December 12, 1958 at The Buffalo AKG Art Museum, formerly known as the Albright–Knox Art Gallery, is an art museum in Buffalo, New York.
In the background is Jackson Pollock’s Convergence, 1952.
The Opening of Contemporary Art Acquisitions, 1957–1958 on December 12, 1958 at The Buffalo AKG Art Museum, New York’ Theodoros Stamos second from right – Photograph by the Towne Studio, Buffalo, NY. Image courtesy of the Albright-Knox Art Gallery Digital Assets Collection and Archives, Buffalo, New York.
After Christmas of 1958, the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. opens with a thirteen-year retrospective of Theodoros Stamos’ work.
He also takes part in “The New American Painting”, the historic show organized by the Museum of Modern Art, to travel to eight different countries between 1958 and 1959, establishing Abstract Expressionism as the American avant-garde.
Catalogue of The New American Painting as Shown in Eight European Countries, 1958–1959, Tate Gallery, London 1959.
In the same year, he is involved in “Nine Generations of American Artists”, a group show organized at Zappion by the National Gallery and Alexandros Soutsos Museum in Athens.
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) famous modern Greek – American artist.
1960
Stamos – twelve color plates by Kenneth B. Sawyer. Published by the Pocket Museum Editions Georges Fall, Paris, 1960
In 1960 Theodoros Stamos has his first show in London at Gimpel Fils Gallery and Kenneth B. Sawyer writes the first book on Stamos, published in Paris by Editions Georges Fall.
In 1961 Stamos wins the Mainichi Newspaper Prize at the Sixth Tokyo International and has his first show in Milan at Galleria Naviglio.
He buys a house on West 83rd Street in Manhattan and moves to “The Barracks” in East Marion, Long Island, a house he has built, designed by Tony Smith, American sculptor, visual artist and architectural designer, where he lives his younger lover, fellow painter, Ralph Humphrey.
Beginning in 1962, Theodoros produces a long varied series of paintings; hard-edged geometries on flat grounds which he names “The Sun-Box series”, many of which include sub-series and in 1966 he becomes guest lecturer at Columbia University, School of Fine Arts in New York.
The Rothko Case:
On February 25 1970 Mark Rothko Commits Suicide
Mark Rothko, Latvian-born American abstract painter, 1903 – 1970, is one of the most expensive abstract artists in the world today.
The rising artistic career of Theodoros Stamos was put on hold when the scandal, known as the Rothko case, broke out following his good friend Mark Rothko’s suicide in 1970.
Stamos found himself implicated in a complicated legal battle between Rothko’s beneficiaries and the Marlborough Gallery which would drag on for nine years.
Rothko’s family filed a lawsuit accusing Stamos and two other executors of Rothco’s estate of selling 100 paintings at a profit of 800% of the value at which the family originally sold them.
Theodoros Stamos made no profit himself, however, he was found guilty of one count of legal obstruction.
In order to pay his fine, he was obliged to give his house, worth $435,000, to the Rothko family, who did however, allow him lifetime tenancy.
Mark Rothko with Theodoros Stamos (Left) at the opening of the Jackson Pollock show, MOMA 1967.
Despite being one of America’s leaders of abstract expressionism, the negative publicity of the trial considerably diminished his popularity from which he never fully recovered.
He did however; continue to exhibit, working closely with not only the Louis K. Meisel Gallery and Kouros Gallery but also in Galleries in Europe and Greece.
Mark Rothko, Latvian-born American abstract painter, 1903 – 1970, is one of the most expensive abstract artists in the world today.
1971- Lefkada – The Infinity Field series
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) – Infinity Field – Lefkada Series – 1980 Dan Hill Galleries.
After the Rothko debacle of 1970, Theodoros Stamos, settled on Lefkada in Greece, the island of his father, where he spends the summer with his cousin Theodosis Stamatelos.
After his second visit to Greece he returns to Lefkada regularly, where he organizes a number of events and exhibitions with the locals and begins work on his characteristic series “Endless Fields”, which he works on for the next twenty years, under a myriad of different subtitles and the first of which he presented at the Marlborough Gallery in New York in 1972.
Infinity Field – Lefkada Series – Theodoros Stamos – 1980.
Initially inspired by nature and biomorphic forms, Stamos’ paintings evolved into large-scale color abstractions in which light seems to drift through translucent screens.
Theodoros Stamos in 1984
The works from the Infinity Field series were inspired by Greece and the time the artist spent there during his lifetime.
After 1971 all of his paintings were part of the Infinity Field series which are characterized by broad areas of color delineated by slim lines or shapes.
Untitled I (Infinty Field – Lefkada Series), circa 1977.
In 1974 Theodoros Stamos has his first one-man show in Athens, Greece, at the Athens Gallery and his first one-man show at Louis K. Meisel Gallery, which remains his dealer until 1982.
He also has a one-man exhibition at the Galerie Le Portail in Heidelberg, Germany.
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) famous modern Greek – American artist.
With a little Help From My Friends
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) Greek-American Abstract Expresionist painter
In 1983 a group of European collectors of his work, formed a group called “The Circle of Friends of Theodoros Stamos” with the goal of promoting his work, mainly in Europe but also in America, believing this may repair some of the damage the Rothko scandal had done to his reputation.
1994 Last Show of an Abstract Artist
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) famous modern Greek artist.
In 1992 Theodoros had suffered a serious stroke and his health began to deteriorate.
He held his last exhibition at the Ileana Tounta Contemporary Art Center in Athens.
He also showed his work at the 29th Dimitria Festival, the largest cultural & intellectual festival in Thessaloniki and Northern Greece, held every year, in early autumn.
Theodoros Stamos at the Art Gallery in Thessaloniki, Greece 1994
Theodoros Stamos at Home in Lefkada – Greece
Theodoros Stamos in his studio in Lefkada, Greece – 1993
Theodoros Stamos – Lefkada Greece 1994
The Greek-American painter Theodoros Stamos in his studio (Lefkada Island, Greece, 1993)
1997 – The Death of Theodoros Stamos
Celebrated Greek-American First Generation Abstract Expressionist Artist
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) famous modern Greek artist.
Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) exhibition – The Spiritual Center – Lefkada – 2017
Theodoros Stamos spent the last years of his life on the island Lefkada, the birthplace of his father, here, he produced some of the most important works of his career, inspired by the natural beauty of his island.
Theodoros Stamos in Lefkada with his cousin Theodosis Stamatelos
After a long illness, Theodoros Stamos, died on February 2 1997 at the age of 74, at the Hatzikosta hospital in Ioannina .
He is buried at the village of Tsoukalades on the island of Lefkada.
The grave of Theodoros Stamos in the village of Tsoukalades on the island of Lefkada.
A year before his death, Theodoros Stamos, one of Greece’s most celebrated artists, donated 43 of his works; 11 silk screens and 34 oil paintings, to the National Gallery and Alexandros Soutzos Museum in Athens.
The works of Theodoros Stamos can be found in many international museum collections including:
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
The Art Institute of Chicago
The Whitney Museum of Art New York
The Smithsonian American Art Museum Washington, D.C
The Museum Moderner Kunst in Vienna
Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York
Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Canada
Bavarian State Painting Collections Munich, Germany
The Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, DC
The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC
Museu d’Arte Moderno, Rio de Jenairo, Brazil
National Picture Gallery, Athens, Greece
National Pinacotek, Athens, Greece,
The Phillips Collection, Washington, DC,
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York,
Tel Aviv Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel
A Communion with Nature – Hollis Taggart Galleries – 2010 New York – The abstract art of Greek – American visionary artist Thodoros Stamos
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